Bipolar membrane electrodialysis or "Water Splitting" efficiently converts aqueous salt solutions into acids and bases without chemical addition. It is an electrodialysis process since ion exchange membranes are used to separate ionic species in solution with the driving force of an electrical field, but it is different by the unique water splitting capability of the bipolar membrane. In addition, the process offers unique opportunities to directly acidify or basify process streams without adding chemicals, avoiding by-product or waste streams and costly downstream purification steps.